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Mainz Charterhouse: striking back signs

were several times in edited books of our seminar discovered striking back plates, which were prepared according to our knowledge for Mainz religious library. Here is the correct info about this:

books, each carrying three very distinctive back plates belonged to the library of the Carthusian monastery of Mainz.

The plates are each mounted as follows (from top to bottom): first
Capital letter with a thick body (Regal-/Fachangabe)
second Series statement
third Sequence (signature)



if it allowed the nature of the back, large letter and number sequence were directly painted on the back, while the title statement usually had his own labels, which was then stuck to the back.

Often the inscriptions are now barely visible, as you can see the two right spine in the example.

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Breviarium Moguntinum, Mainz, 1517, Stb Ink a 36 c

Title: Breviary Moguntinum

printing location: Mainz

Print Year: 1517

size: 209 (10) Journal

Format: Octave

Binding Material: vellum in textile Close




Binding Description


This cover is a cover with parchment Flexibe reference was used for the interior of waste. This was originally two book closing of textile were present, what remains to be seen on the small residues at the front and back cover.

front and rear is a similar structure of the decoration cover to see. Outdoor runs, a narrow frame of two lines and in the four corners of a stamp is embossed with leaf motif, both of which surrounds the largely empty midfield, at the center is an oval stamp or a plate (the size can be both) is located. This means decorating the manner of a Maureskenmotivik reveals the oriental influences on the cover design during the Renaissance. The front cover has engraved in addition (unclear meaning) in the upper half of the middle field, the alphabetic and AHE in the bottom half single number stamp 1585th All pressures are further highlighted with a dark color.

The back is flat, but has an emphasis on the underlying double frets, string through two iron lines. In addition to two other small ornamental temples found there several signature plates, a large S, the signature and the sequence 399th

Provenance

The Breviary contains a total of very few hand-written entries, including any personal property items.

worth mentioning only an attached pencil scrinio num is 13 and below 399 (= label on the spine, see above) on the front of the mirror. This type of registration is an indication of the Augustinians, so the books of your selected stocks.

typography

for the content of the breviary, a broken gothic font used. Textura Fonts (more precisely, T5 and T6, since Johann Schöffer used in 1503 or 1506) go on Schöffer Peter Elder back and were used in addition to liturgical printing primarily as display type.

Unlike other species of the Breviary edition there is no variation in the lettering. All parts appear in 31-line pressure. Nevertheless, here go red and black print - with a majority of the black pressure - and initials and paragraph marks are held in the respective color distinction. The Initialmajuskeln by the Lombards Style her full members, along with the text of the paragraph marks.

The type area shows up a structure to a smaller portion of two columns. Abbreviations and ligatures are often used and at the bottom are arc signatures printed for the bookbinder. You start with the letter ij and on the following sheet zij.

initials

in the text at the beginning, mostly large pieces were also placed great Zierinitalen about five rows away. Often the full Lombards with pearls in red print.

Particularly striking, however, two decorated initials, an H and a B-initial. The H-shaped cap is negative on red and marked with colored bands. The b-initial is surrounded by a rectangle filled with plant ornament, the letter itself is not printed in white but in full red. This distinction they are quite different, although they fit stylistically from its form, was neither in the text and cover in case the initial H-even parts of Scripture.

content and structure

The book contains liturgical genre as his breviary according to a summary and reduction of various books that are used for Catholic Liturgy of the Hours. It is printed on the old Roman model.

In the present Breviary lacks a title page and the text begins with a calendar (6 sheets). The first main part, which it followed begins with "great ad Adventis ..." and then followed by a second body, beginning with "officiis diebus ad matutinas" (as opposed to ink a tr 36, 36 a, b and d). A third component, which includes 6 leaves outside the leaf count.

The book is one of the last edition breviary under John Schöffer in the Mainz Offizin of 1517. It was a repeat of the first diocese of Mainz commissioned Oktavfertigung of 1509 and contained only one still with context-sensitive information about the celebration of the sancti ferial (= low gross) in the diocese of Mainz.

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Breviarium Moguntinum, Mainz, 1517, Stb Ink a 36

Title: Breviary Moguntinum

printing location: Mainz

Print Year: 1517

size: 461 (14) Journal

Format: Octave

cover material: wooden lid with leather and metal clasp

Binding Description

The cover is made of wooden boards with leather cover - perhaps pigskin? - Is provided with blind printing, and has beveled outer edges. Originally from the two simple metal closure is still a completely obtained.

front and back cover shows a similar design with rollers and coating iron lines, which are arranged in a double border around a rectangular midfield. Between the outer and inner frame are the top and bottom released two stripes and decorated with stamps, consisting of birds and Arabeskenmotiven.

addition to floral and arabesque scrolls are in the outer roller frame medallions with heads seen in half profile and the small middle is decorated with a figure. This shows, therefore, the typical Renaissance design elements. Look back cover can be seen that it is comfortable with the figure in the middle also a role as an embossing tool is, as these errors appear there, two shared with the lower body to the upper body.

The binding back with four raised double frets shows a later Neueinbindung with white paper. The type of hand-written resume of the title there can, as close to the Jesuits Neueinbinder. In addition, there is the small detail Moguntia 1618, indicating the time and place. Reason for the rebinding of the back is probably the test, a consistent picture of the book stock was to produce on the shelf.

Provenance

There is no band in this breviary owned entries, but many handwritten annotations, which are related thematically to the content and come from different hands.

mirror and endpapers are almost completely labeled, so that the waste from the front of the mirror is no longer read. On the endpapers are planet names listed in the calendar and, in addition to the Latin numbers, the corresponding Arabic listed, the owner probably intended as an aid for themselves.

Furthermore, is continuously on the first leaves at the bottom a little song or part of one. Stave with notes are there, and located below a Latin text.

typography

For the text of the book were used broken Gothic fonts specifically Schöffer T6 (Textura, used since 1505), and T9 and T17 (Gotico -Antiqua, by Johann Schöffer since 1506 or 1509 uses). The font size varies, as in other copies of the Mainz Breviary. According to the first part in a larger 31-line text, followed by parts in a small 35-line script.

It is switching between red and black print. Black pressure is here in front of the main parts of the text. Capitals and paragraph marks appear in the relevant award color, as well as the slightly larger Initialmajuskeln (full Lombards), which are divided along with the paragraph mark the text instead of paragraphs.

The type area is mainly designed with two columns. Abbreviations and ligatures come frequently and at the bottom arc signatures in support of the bookbinder are attached. These begin with the letter ij zij and on the following page.




initials

In a few places in the text large ornamental initials of different styles. Striking a B and a C-initial, arise in other species of breviary (tr Ink a 36 a, b and d). It is Lombards with split ends, appear in black on the negative-vegetable-tooled background. They are thus typical examples of Renaissance initials.

There are other initials that are usually printed in red. These are Lombards, Lombards, however, full of pearls, so they are designed not negative on a dark background.

content and structure

a breviary from the liturgical genre contains A summary and reduction of different for Catholic Liturgy of the Hours used books. The order of individual parts can vary. The studied book is printed on the old Roman model, as a reform of the breviary in 1568 only made by Pope Pius V was.

content it starts off with a "Praefatio" a sort of preface (5 sheets). A title page is missing. This is followed by a calendar (7 sheets) and a first main part (starting with "officiis diebus ad matutinas"). From the subsequent second part is from the smaller font size. CXV CXVI between leaf and a register is inserted, which is comprises twelve leaves and marked with letters, and a table of contents. Will conclude the anthology with three other distinct parts.

In the Schöfferschen printing produced in 1517 was the last time under John Mainzer breviaries Schöffer. It is in this edition to be a rerun on the model of Oktavfertigung from 1509. This Breviary was conceived as a commercial book and used.

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The project

Welcome to the blog "Pressure Research"! to make

all who are interested and enjoy it, of old and not so old books discoveries are invited to get involved. We are going to discover materials and print-specific features of books to cover designs and types of binding, to the paper, to all that can be observed in typesetting and printing and illustrations. And we are doing especially well to specific examples (provenance) characteristics as they come, not only in hand binding, but also in bookplate, hand written notes, such as ownership and purchase notes, annotations and using traces of any kind expressed.



(front, from left:. Anne Ullrich, Charlotte Mohr,
Clara Lampenscherf, Rebecca sneezing
Back from left: Rebecca Horler, André Hark
Julie Striegel, Christina Schmitz, Karin Schulze,
Prof. Ernst Fischer, Eike Dusen)
We - that is wishing above all, a group of students of the Institute of Paper Science, University of Mainz, the (extended by two PhD students and a teacher), such research and the opinion is that the findings should not be lost. Maybe there are many places to book groups or individual researchers who place themselves in similar ways with beech stands and talk about it do. Because in addition to the specific details of this idea in words and pictures and comments can be posted to this blog also questions that problems and unresolved issues for discussion.
We are so over everyone that plug in to this blog! For inclusion in the list an e-mail to us.

For the entire group greets

Ernst Fischer

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Checklist Book Description

checklist
copy-specific features

In a detailed, specimen-specific book description of such a wealth of features is taken into account that they hardly seems to cover all. Quick to forget because one or other important information, simply because many of the features seem insignificant at first sight, or perish in the mass of other features.

The following list is intended to provide a little help. She has me in my research very helpful, especially to bring a structure into the many individual data.

course, this list does not claim completeness, quite the contrary, it will be a lot of information that is not included. I appreciate any new suggestions and tips to expand - of which we have, we are dealing with the description of books, including all something. So, that makes!

first Owner's notes and reading tracks
(point 1 to Jürgen Weber)
- auction copy
- segregation
copy - copy
- Library copy
- Author copy
- Dedikationsexemplar
- donors copy
- copy of the dedicatee
- review copy
- replacement copy
- censorship copy
- Signing / signature
- book editor (features)
- cover (features)
- insert: Photograph
- insert: letter
- insert: Bookmark
- insert: List
- logo (symbol)
- Label: Binding
- Label: Booksellers
- Exlibris
- Illustrations
- initials
- Extra equipment
- Drawing
- Annotation / marginal
- underlined by
- Information character
- Monogram
- slogan / motto
- Note (long scale)
- Genealogical Note (pedigree etc)
- numbers (eg, site number)
- price (purchase price)
- Siegel
- Signature
- Stamp (Buchbinder, dealers)
- Duplicate temple
- Library stamp
- Tektur (repayment of any kind)
- Wappen
- Supra Libros
- Dedication
- date (purchase, read data)

second Binding
(point 2 and 3 according to Werner hollow)
- dating
- classification (see separate section)
- Signature
- Bookbinders (with location)
- Reference material
- Color
- Dimensions (mm-stated)
- possession marking
- Summary
- numbers of identified stamp
- Furniture
- Publication
- pre-owned
- Comments (state, Restaur.)
- possibly literature

third Classification binding stamps

Type:
- unadorned
- Leather
- ma superb volumes
- single stamp
- String iron fields
- head temple
- leather sectional
- diamond Ranke
- Kopertbände (parchment)
- Node factory
- oriental style
- Architecture
- Moorish and band work
-
roles - roles and individual dies
- rolls and sheets
- Roles and midfield
- Rand
- Setting
- Repetitionsmuster
- leather inserts
- pointillés
- Subjects
- tips
- Rocaille
- Plates (baroque and classical)
- Textile unembossed
- colored paper (marble, paste, print model, brocade)
- Printed prior historicism
- historicism
- Art Nouveau
- 20 Century to Art Nouveau
- Untypical

Origin:
- Bohemian
- German
- English
- French
- Greek
- Italian
- Dutch
- Oriental
- Polish
- English
- Hungarian
- other

4. Classification of publications

round magazines:
- Renaissance Antiqua
- Baroque-Antiqua
- Neoclassical Antiqua

Fractional Headlines:
- Textura
- Rotunda / Gothic / Rotunda
- Schwabacher
- fracture

5th Typography / printer
- name of the type set
- size of the type set
- damage types
- Printers / workshop
- printing place
- Pressure years
- set image (description)
- number of lines
- Column Number
- Column Title
- Bogen standard
- arc signature
- supervisor / claimants
- webs
- abbreviations
- ligatures
- Rot-/Schwarz-Druck

6th Initials
- Contour Lombards (decorated with pearls, grotesque, full)
- Xylograph letters
- Calligraphic Letters
- Decorated contour points
- White background
- Black background
- patterned ground
- shredded basic
- double contour point
- decorated
- patterned
- Animal motifs
- floral motifs
- foliage
- human motives

7th Paper / bond
- bibliographic format
- librarians
formats - Watermarks
- paper quality
- Damage
- layer structure (description)
- missing / extra layers

8th Variance
- Issue
-
Edition - Set of Condition
- satzindifferente variance (break Umschuss, Sammel-/Einzelausgabe)
- internal rate variance (Korruptel, correction)
- differente rate variance (cartons)
- double blow
- hybrid pressure

9th Illustration / Printmaking
- woodcut
- engraving
- Title copper / woodcut
- frontispiece
- Title mount
- printed decorative elements (mostly at the edge)
- Artist Workshop
- Motive
- reason

10th Title / Content
- Author
- biogr. Data on the author
-
contributors - Preface
- Dedication
- Title
- subtitles
- Genre
- Content
- contemp reception
- current reception
- Series
- Research Literature