Ladies Elegant Trouser Suit

Breviarium Moguntinum, Mainz, 1509, Stb Ink a 36 a


Title: Breviary Moguntinum

Print Year: 1509

Location: Mainz

size: 462 (41) Journal

Format: Octave

cover material: wooden lid with leather and metal closing

Binding Description

The cover consists of leather - maybe beef? - Related wooden boards, is provided with blind printing, and has two simple metal clasp, of which only parts are attached to the binding obtained. The Close themselves are no longer available.

Both front cover and back cover with wheels are designed completely in the same composition. A frame surrounds a rectangular middle, above and below which a tape was released. The midfield is filled with three parallel rollers, the outer show a checked pattern surrounded with points and the average frame similar to a floral vine pattern. All spaces must be provided with additional iron coating lines and this also emphasize a point in the middle tapering the frets of the back.

on all three outer edges of a reservation made for aesthetic reasons slope can be seen which is accentuated by small indentations.

shows the back of the book four exposed double frets and has a call number, but remained otherwise unadorned.

This is a German Renaissance binding.

Provenance


on the front mirror found a handwritten entry in possession of a red Appelius John Cyprian of blessed city. This was to 1618, vicar of the Church of Our Lady of Mainz and then until his death Vicar of St. Victor (25.8.1618-28.8.1632). Since the reference is to St. Victor in his entry, the acquisition of the Breviary precipitated by JC Appelius well in this period. Besides other annotations and notes in the book, it is the only existing property entry.

The most striking hand-written entries are in the calendar portion of the breviary, there were all written in Latin numerals beside Arabic. A longer note in Latin was written on the rear mirror.

The text of the book closes down on the last page printed in red with a colophon which the information about printer location, and year includes: Johann Schöffer, Mainz, in 1509.

to confirm this information, it follows on the last printed page the printer Signet aldermen, two shields hanging on a piece of branch. The logo was first used by Peter Schöffer 1462 and concluded in 1469 in long-term use of Mainz pharmacy.

paper

The format of the breviary, octave, are seen watermark difficult. They appear in the fold and four shared. The only more or less easily identifiable and meaningful part of a water mark was visible on one of the blank endpapers. It is a bear in a circle of teeth.

Strangely, the characters very similar to the C260 series, the classical and the watermark the mill in Upper St. Gallen Chräzeren applies. Dated documents on this sign, however, are only the 17th Century shows the period between 1623-1627.

typography

For the text were used broken Gothic fonts. It is Schöffer T5 (Textura, Johann Schöffer used since 1503) and T9 and 17 (Gotico-Antiqua, used since 1506 or 1509). The font size varies within the book. The front main section was printed in a larger 31-line script in the following parts in a small 35-line (T17 with the smallest font size) on the content definition.

red and black print alternate, with the black print is dominant in the main parts. The initials and paragraph marks in the respective award retains color, as is the Initialmajuskeln that are somewhat larger set and broken with the paragraph mark the text instead of paragraphs.

The type area is constructed in the main parts of two columns. Smaller parts such as the register was set in part but only in one. Abbreviations and ligatures were still frequently used. At the bottom sheet signatures are also appropriate to ij with the letter and start on the next leaf zij.

initials

can Initialmajuskeln Besides, there are even more decorative initials. They are decorated in different styles and are very different. On sheet V is a C-initial, which is found in other species (tr Ink a 36, 36 b and d). It is a Lombard with split ends on vegetable-background-engraved in black. There are also several calligraphic decorative initials in red and another yet another style.

content and structure

Since it is the book to a breviary, it contains a summary and reduction of various books for the liturgical hours of prayer to be used. The Breviary is printed on the old Roman model, because in Mainz was only the beginning of the 17th The new century, adopted in 1568 by Pope Pius V reformed breviary.

Remarkably, the text begins with a handwritten "praeparatio ad missam" (preparation for mass), followed by a handwritten title page also. For the constitution of the title page was to be clearly identified based on a printed model.

The remaining structure is divided into a calendar section (7 pages), a tab (11 sheets), a table of contents, a first main part (starting with "officiis diebus ad matutinas") and three other parts, completed by a second index.

Johann Schöffer received the order to print a breviary from the diocese of Mainz first 1509th Were then in the Mainz Offizin parallel editions printed in two formats, a folio and a Oktavfertigung. The here studied breviary containing this octavo of 1509 and was intended as an owner and used.

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Literature / Links

(Note: The signatures belong to the library of the Gutenberg Museum and the Fachbreichsbibliothek book Science at the University of Mainz)

introduction

Bowers, Fredson: Principles of bibliographical description. With a new introduction by G. Thomas Tanselle. Winchester and New Castle, Delaware: St Paul's Bibliographies and Oak Knoll Press. 2005.

Derunov, Konstantin Nikolaevitch: Descriptive Bibliography. In: Kent, Allen und Harold Lancour (Hgg.): Encyclopedia of library and information science. Vol. 7. New York: Dekker.

Gaskell, Philip: A new Introduction to Bibliography. Winchester & New Castle, Delaware : St. Paul's Bibliographies & Oak Knoll Press 2000.

McKerrow, Ronald B.: An Introduction to Bibliography for Literary Students. 13. Aufl., Oxford: Clarendon 1977 (Achtung: Nur in Bereichsbibliothek Philosophicum, Abt. Buchwissenschaft, Db 16).

Padwick, EW: Bibliographical Method, An Introductory Survey. Clarke, James Company, Limited. 1997th

Pearson, David: Provenance Research in Book History: A handbook. Oak Knoll Press. 1999th
Greetham, DC and W. Speed Hill (editors): Text, Transactions of the Society for Textual Scholarship. 9. The University of Michigan Press. 1995th

Schaab, Rupert: Save the copies! Copy development as a prerequisite for conservation. In: Journal of librarianship and bibliography 2003rd No. 84 P. 249-258.

Weber, Jürgen: "The copy in hand." Examples of specific development requirements and goals. In: 36th library services Jg 2002nd 5th Issue P. 614-624.


General encyclopaedias

Fabian, Bernhard (ed.), Handbook of historical book collections in Germany. Vol sixth Edited by Berndt Dugall. Hildesheim, Zurich, New York: Olms-Weidmann 1993rd

science portal b2i: Central Science Portal for the fields of libraries, book and information sciences:
http://www.b2i.de/
[cited 07.04. 2008]

Rautenberg, Ursula (ed.): Routledge Encyclopedia of property of the book. Stuttgart: Reclam 2003rd
Signature: GM C 37

Walther, Karl Klaus (ed.): Encyclopedia of Arts and bibliophile. Munich, New York, London: KG Saur 1988th Signature: GM P 11

Encyclopedia of the entire book trade (7 vols). Stuttgart: Anton Hiersemann (2. Neubearb edition) in 1987. Signature: A GM 14a


Special lexicons

Cappelli, Adriano: Dizionario latine ed italiane Tues abbreviations. Milan: Ulrico Hoepli 1899th Signature: A GM 67a
http://inkunabeln.ub.uni-koeln.de/vdibProduction/handapparat/nachs_w/cappelli/cappelli.html
[cited 20/04/2008]

Förstermann, Ernst: Old German name book. 1st vol Personal names. Bonn: Hanstein ² 1900th

Ulrich, Th (eds): Handbook of chronology of the German Middle Ages and modern times. Hannover. Designed by Dr. H. Grotefend. Hannover: Hahn ash Bookstore (10. Ext edition) 1960th Signature: GM A 67
http://www.manuscripta-mediaevalia.de/gaeste/grotefend/grotefend.htm
[cited 04/20/2008]

Rust, Werner (ed.): Latin-Greek Dictionary of the book - written and nature: A list of common Latin name for the local young professionals in the academic libraries and the book trade. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz (2nd edition erg) 1977th Signature: A GM 10r

Graesse, Jean George Theodore and others (eds): Orbis Latinus. Glossary of Geographical Names of the Latin Middle Ages and Modern Times (3 vols). Brunswick: Klinkhardt & Biermann 1972nd Signature: GM A 7
http://www.columbia.edu/acis/ets/Graesse/contents.html
[cited 04/20/2008]

Weller, Emil: The false and fictitious printing sites. Repertory of since the invention of printing company, published under a false German, Latin and French writings. Hildesheim: Georg Olms Verlagsbuchhandlung 1960th Signature: A GM 44b

Holzmann, Michael and Bohatta, Hanns: anonymous German lexicon 1501-1850 (7 vols). Hildesheim: Georg Olms Verlagsbuchhandlung 1961st Signature: GM A 44

Jammers, Antonius: Library stamp: previous owner of libraries in the Federal Republic of Germany. State Library Berlin - Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation. Wiesbaden: Reichert 1998th

Neubecker, Ottfried: Large Emblem Wallpaper lexicon of bourgeois families in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. Munich: Battenberg 1985th


paper

Tschudin, Peter F.: Fundamentals of the history of paper. Stuttgart. Anton Hiersemann 2002nd (Library of the book trade vol 12). Signature: GM E 55

Oligmüller, George and Schachtner, Sabine: paper - from craft to mass production. Cologne: DuMont 2,001th Signature: GM E 54

Staberock, M., (eds.): The paper book. Manual paper making. Houten: EPN Publisher 1999th Signature: GM E 49

Hunter, Dard: Papermaking: the history and technique of ancient craft of. New York: Dover Publ 1978th Signature: GM E 47

Piccard, Gerhard: water lily sign. Stuttgart: W. Kohlhammer 1983rd (State Archive of Baden-Württemberg (ed.): Issues from the State Archives Administration of Baden-Württemberg special series. The watermark file Piccard in the Central State Archive Stuttgart Find Book XIII Signature:.. GM E 20

Central State Archive Stuttgart: Inventory J340, watermark register Piccard:
http: / / www.piccard-online.de/
[cited 04/20/2008]

Briquet, Charles Moise. Filigranes Dictionnaire historique Les marques of du papier dès leur apparition vers 1282 jusqu 'en 1600th (4 vols). Leipzig: Hiersemann (2nd edition) 1923rd
Signature: GM E 3


Handwritten entries / Palaeography

Foerster, Hans include: demolition of Latin paleography. Stuttgart: Hiersemann (3. Revised edition, and mentioned.) 2004. (15 vol library of the book trade). Signature: GM D 81

Grun, Paul Arnold: sense key to our old writing. Classics of German (as well as humanistic) palaeography for archive users, especially families and local historians, students, clergy and church accountant. Floor plan of genealogy vol fifth Limburg Lahn: CA Starke Verlag (3rd edition unchanged.) 2002. Signature: GM A 7 a


printing type

Updike, Daniel Berkeley: Printing types: their history, forms and use, volumes I and II, New Castle, Del.. Oak Knoll Pr [ua] 2001 . Signature: GM D78

Haebler, Konrad (1905): Typenrepertorium of Incunabula (6 vols). Hall: Rudolf main 1905th (Library collection of scientific works). Signature: GM H 6

Atlas on the History of the Book, Vol.1: From Cuneiform to Gutenberg. Darmstadt: Technical University (2nd edition verb.) - 2000. Signature: GM D 43

Atlas on the History of the Book Volume 2: Publications of the 15th Century. Darmstadt: Technical University (2nd edition verb.) - 2000. Signature: GM D 43

Atlas on the History of the Book, Volume 3: Publications of the 16th Century. Darmstadt: Technical University (2nd edition verb.) 2001. Signature: GM D 43

Atlas on the History of the Book, Volume 4: Publications of the 17th Century. Darmstadt: Technical University (2nd edition verb.) 2001. Signature: GM D 43

Atlas on the History of the Book, vol.5: Publications 18th Century. Darmstadt: Technical University (2nd edition verb.) 2001. Signature: GM D 43

Atlas on the History of the Book, vol.7: Publications 19th Century. Darmstadt: Technical University (2nd edition verb.) 2001. Signature: GM D 43


People / provenance research

name authority file of the German Library: http://z3950gw.dbf.ddb.de/z3950/zfo_get_file.cgi?fileName=DDB/searchForm.html
[cited 04/20/2008]

Electronic General German Biography:
http://mdz1.bib-bvb.de/ ~ ndb / adb_index.html
[cited 04/20/2008]

Printers and Publishers database of the GBV: http://avanti.hab.de/hab_db/dv/html/start_ger.html
[cited 20/04/2008]

Friedrich August Eckstein: Nomenclator philologorum. London: printed and published by BG Teubner, 1871.
http://telemachos.phil.uni-erlangen.de/database/eckstein/eckstein.html
[cited 28/06/2008]

Consortium of European Research Libraries. CERL Provenance Research: http://www.cerl.org/web/en/resources/provenance/main
[cited 07.4. 2008]

Bautz, Traugott: Biographical-Bibliographical Lexicon Church:
http://www.bautz.de/bbkl
[cited 07.4. 2008]

Killy, Walther and others (eds.): German Biography (DBE) (15 vols). Munich, New Providence, London, Paris: KG Saur 1995 - 2003. Signature: A GM 25a

Reske, Christoph: The printers of the 16th and 17 Century in the German language area. Based on the eponymous work of Josef Benzing. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz 2007th (Contributions to books and libraries Vol 51st Signature: GM N 2b

Schottenloher, Karl (1956): Bibliography of German History in the Age of religious schisms 1517-1585 Stuttgart: Anton Hiersemann (2nd unchanged edition) 1956 -.. 1966 Signature. GM N 36

idol, Alfred: The High German printers of the Reformation Strasbourg. Karl J. Trübner 1905 signature. GM N 10

Roth, FWE: The Mainz printer family Schöffer during the 16th century and their Products at Mainz, Worms, Strasbourg and Venice. Ninth Supplement to the Central Journal for librarianship. Leipzig: Harrassowitz 1892nd Signature: GM N 8

LoC NAInternet: http://authorities.loc.gov/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?DB=local&PAGE=First

International = World biographical index bibliographical index: CD ROM edition. - 12, Ed - Munich, 2003Biographische Archive (MF-expenditure)


Especially for Mainz and the surrounding area

Benzing, Josef: List of the professors of the Old University. On behalf of President and Senate of the Johannes Gutenberg University, ed. Alois Gerlich. Mainz (printed as manuscript) 1986.

Cathedral and Diocesan Archives Mainz, church records of the parish Kostheim 1674th

Mainz City Archive: Borgationsbücher, stock 5; stock 01, No. 201 (Album Civicum), church records, inventory 20th

list of students of the Old University of Mainz. Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag GmbH 1979th [= Contributions to the History of the University of Mainz. Edited by Senate President and the Johannes Gutenberg University in Mainz, 13].


bookplate

Schmitt, Anne: German ex-libris. From the origins to the beginning of the 20th Century. Hanau: Müller & Kiepenheuer 1987th Call Number: 18/7737

O'Dell, Ilse: German and Austrian Exlibris 1550-1599 in the British Museum. London: British Museum Pr 2003rd Signature: 18:4 ° / 5082

debris Kehm, Elke: Albrecht Dürer and the early days of the ex-libris: Catalog 1; Exhibition 30 August - 30 September 1990 in "stuff-house" on the occasion of the 23rd Mönchengladbach International Exlibris Congress FISAE Wiesbaden: Wittal 1990th Signature: 18 m 4935

Wittal, Claus: Owner directory to Exlibris catalog of the Gutenberg Museum: Contains the owner lists of Part 1 (A - Z), Part 2 (A - K & L - Z) and the catalogs: Gallery Bauer, bookplates from 6 centuries (Catalogue 23). Sylvia Wolf, bookplates - 1000 samples from five centuries. Castle Burgk, bookplate of 18 Century to the present. Wiesbaden: Claus Wittal 2003rd Signature: GM V 15a


Binding

German Research Foundation: Binding Database (EBDB):
http://www.hist-einband.de/
[cited 04/07/2008]

Vervliet, Hendrik (ed.): Liber librorum. 5000 years book art. A historical overview of Baudin, Fernand including Geneva: Weber 1973rd Signature: GM F 105

Altmann, Ursula: Binding studies: Ilse Schunke's 80th Birthday on 30 December 1972 paid. Berlin: German State Library 1972nd Call Number: 18/10258

Hunter, Roland (ed.): The robe of the book, historical book covers from the collections of the University Library of Leipzig and the German Book and Script Museum of the German Library in Leipzig, [on the occasion of the exhibition of the book The Robe - historical bindings from the collections of the University of Leipzig and the German Book and Writing Museum, the German Library in Leipzig, 09/26/2001 to 01/31/2002, University Library of Leipzig]. Leipzig University Library 2002nd Signature: GM W 41

Szirmai, JA: The Archaeology of Medieval Bookbinding. Aldershot: Ashgate 1999th Signature: GM W 55

Marks, PJM: The British Library guide to bookbinding: history and techniques. London: The British Library 1998th Call Number: 18/9237

Mazal, Otto: Binding client. The history of the book cover. Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert 1997th (Elements of the book and library science vol 16). Signature: GM W 36

Schlechter, Armin include: From Ottheinrich to Carl Theodor: Prachteinbände from three centuries. Heidelberg: winter 2003. Signature: GM W 47

Greenfield, Jane ABC of bookbinding. A Unique Glossary with over 700 Illustrations for Collectors and Librarians. New Castle: Oak Knoll Press and New York: The Lyons Press. 1998th Signature: GM W 33

Haebler, Konrad: Roles and plate stamp of the 16th century (2 vols). Leipzig: Harrassowitz 1928/29. (Library collection of scientific papers 41 and 42 issue). Signature: GM W 5


Analytical Pressure Research

Boghardt, Martin: Analytical Pressure Research. A methodological review of an individual and textual criticism. Hamburg: Hauswedell 1977th

Boghardt, Martin: analysis of pressure and pressure description. For the identification and designation of identity sentence and the sentence of internal variance. In: Gutenberg-Jahrbuch 1995th P. 202-220.

Boghardt, Martin: Archaeology of the printed book, ed. by Paul Needham and Julie Boghardt. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz 2008th [Wolfenbüttel writings on the history of the book trade. 42]

Hellinga, Lotte: Analytical Bibliography and the study of early printed books with a case-study of the Mainz Catholicon. Gutenberg-Jahrbuch 1989th P. 47-96.

Kranz, Dieter: Can the use of Hinman Collators help the Gutenberg research? In: Gutenberg-Jahrbuch 1983rd

cancer, Benjamin: Manual of printing. Frankfurt 1827th Reprints: ed. Martin Boghardt, Frans A. Janssen and Walter Wilkes. Publisher Renate Raecke 1983rd

Reske, Christoph: The production of the Nuremberg Chronicle in Nuremberg. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz 2000th

Starnes, Susan: digitization techniques and their application for entry in scientific research, especially for the analytical Pressure Research. Erlangen-Nuremberg: Book Studies 2003rd

part, Pia: Johann Schöffer, printer at Mainz. 1503-1531. Mainz dissertation. Mainz 2002nd

Tomioka, Mari: Fine detail: Collating the Gutenberg Bible with digital images. Keio University, Japan: MA 2,001th


prints

Koschatzky Walter: The art of the graphic. Technology, history, masterpieces. Munich: dtv 1972nd Signature: 18:4 per cent in 2412

Rebel, Ernst: Printmaking. History, technical terms. Stuttgart: Reclam 2003rd

Hollstein, FWH: German Engravings Etchings and Woodcuts CA. 1400 - 1700 (48 vols). Amsterdam: Menno Herzberger Others 1954 - 1998. Signature: GM T 2a

Wendland, Henning: The book illustration. Of the early editions to the present. Aarau, Stuttgart: AT-Verlag 1987th Call Number: 18/6937


Illumination and categorization

Jakobi, Christina: Illumination. Their terminology in art history. Berlin: Dietrich Reimer 1991st Signature: M 87

Kühn, Hermann et al (eds): coloring, book painting, panel and canvas paintings. Stuttgart: Reclam 1984th (Reclam's manual of artistic techniques Vol.1). Signature: GM Q 35

Paecht, Otto and Thoss, Dagmar: Illumination of the Middle Ages. An introduction. Munich: Prestel 1984th Signature: 18:4 ° / 3018


Interesting articles on various topics

Adam, Wolfgang: private libraries in the 17 and 18 Century. Research Report (1975-1988). In: International Archives for the Social History of German literature. 15. Issue 1 1990th Edited by Wolfgang Fruehwald, Georg Jäger, Dieter Langewiesche, Alberto Martino. Tübingen: Niemeyer 1990th P. 123-173.

Duhr, Bernhard (SJ): History of the Jesuits in the German-speaking countries. Part 2: History of the Jesuits in the German-speaking countries in the first half of the XVII. Century. Second part. Freiburg: Herder 1913th

Dumont, Franz: Houses for books. Stations on the way to the Rheinallee 3B. In: Otter man Annelen and Stephan Fliedner (eds.): 200 years of public library Mainz. Edited by the city of Mainz. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2005 [= Publications of the libraries in the city of Mainz, 52]. P. 35-47.

Dumont, Franz: bibliothecaire de l'Université de Mayence. Gotthelf Fischer and the Mainz world of books. In: Otter man Annelen and Stephan Fliedner (eds.): 200 years of public library Mainz. Edited by the city of Mainz. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2005 [= Publications of the libraries in the city of Mainz, 52]. P. 49-58.

Geck, Elisabeth: Two Mainz bookbinders of the 16th Century. In: Gutenberg-Jahrbuch 1954th P. 316-320.

Giesecke, Michael: The printing press in the early modern period. A historical case study on the implementation of new information and communication technologies. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp 1991st

Helwig, Hellmut: Introduction to cover customer. 1st vol Maximilian-Gesellschaft 1953rd

Krayer, Albert: The old stock of the Mainz city library. Fischer's system, its catalog and the "Roman" signatures. In: Mainzer Journal. Middle Rhine Yearbook of Archaeology, Art and History. Published by the Ancient Society, the National Museum, the archaeological heritage, the City Archives and the Public Library of Mainz. 1992/93. Born 87/88. [= Reprint from Mainz magazine, 87./88. Born in 1992/93]. Mainz: Mainz publishing house of the ancient association 1995th P. 325-338.

war, Walter: Materials for a history of books, prices and royalties of 15 to 20 Century. Vienna include: Stubenrauch Verlagsbuchhandlung 1953rd

Moss Maier, P. Eberhard, OFM Cap.. The Capuchins in Mainz 1618-1802. Mainz: self-publishing house of the Capuchin monastery Mainz 1953rd

Mueller, Michael: The Jesuits (1542-1773). In: Handbook of Church History in Mainz. 3rd Bd Modern, and contemporary. Part 1.Hrsg. Friedhelm Jürgen Meier. Würzburg: Echter 2002nd [= Contributions to Church History in Mainz, 6]. S. 642-699.

pick, Eckhart: coins, powers and patrons. 2000 years of money in town and Electorate of Mainz. Mainz: Philipp von Zabern, 2006 [= cultural history of the ancient world, 110].

Rosenfeld, Hellmut: Book Award, bookseller price and cover price in the 16 and 17 Century. In: Gutenberg-Jahrbuch 1958th P. 358-363.

Schottenloher, Karl: The printing privileges of the 16th Century. In: Gutenberg-Jahrbuch 1933rd P. 89-110.

Wermter, Manfred Ernst: studies and sources on the history of the Jesuit libraries in Mainz 1561-1773. In: De Bibliotheca Moguntina. Commemorative of the city library Mainz the fiftieth anniversary of their building Rheinallee 3 3 / 10 at 7. November 1962. Edited by Jürgen Busch. Mainz: 1963. [= Publication of the City Library and the urban public libraries Mainz. No. 28] p. 51-70.


Important catalogs

Karlsruhe Virtual Catalog: http://www.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de/kvk.html
[cited 07/04/2008]

The British Library Board: ISTC ( Incunabula Short Title Catalougue):
http://www.british-library.uk/catalogues/istc/index.html
[cited 04/07/2008]

Commission for the General Catalogue of Incunabula and others (eds.): General Catalogue of Incunabula (10 vols). Leipzig / Stuttgart: Hiersemann 1925 – 2000. Signatur: GM J 100

Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin: Datenbank Gesamtkatalog der Wiegendrucke: http://www.gesamtkatalogderwiegendrucke.de/
[Stand: 07.4.2008]

Hain, Ludwig: Repertorium bibliographicum, in quo libri omnes ab arte typographica inventa usque ad annum MD. Typis expressi ordini alphabetico vel simpliciter enumerantur vel adcuratius recensentur. Stuttgart: Cotta 1826. Signatur: 18/3822

Hain, Ludwig: Nachträge zu Hain's Repertorium bibliographicum und seinen Fortsetzungen als Probe des Gesamtkatalogs der Wiegendrucke / hrsg. von der Kommission für den Gesamtkatalog der Wiegendrucke. Leipzig: Haupt 1910.

Bayerische Staatsbibliothek: Digital Library - Munich Digitisation Centre. Incunabula:
http://mdzx.bib-bvb.de/bsbink/sucheEin.html
[cited 04/07/2008]

Bavarian State Library in conjunction with the Herzog August Library in Wolfenbüttel (Ed.): Directory the books published in the German speaking area of the XVI. Century (VD16) (25 vols). Stuttgart: Hiersemann 1983 - 1997. Signature: 18:4 per cent in 2964

VD16: List of Books Printed in German-speaking area of the 16th Century: http:// http://www.vd16.de/
[cited 04/07/2008]

Index Aureliensis. Catalogus librorum sedecimo saeculo impressorum. Baden-Baden: Verlag Librairie Heitz GmbH 1962 - 1982. Signature: GM N 35

VD17: The list of books published in the German speaking area of the 17 Century: http://www.vd17.de/
[cited 07/04/2008]

catalog of Gutenberg Library:
http://www.gutenberg-bibliothek.de/info
[cited 04/07/2008]

Detailed list of old prints of the Gutenberg Library:
(here also include broadsides and single leaves)
http://www.gutenberg-bibliothek.de/aa
[Stand: 07.4 .2008]

list of examples specifically developed Incunabula of the Gutenberg Library: http://www.gutenberg-bibliothek.de/staub
[cited 07/04/2008]

What Color Is The Ribbon For Throat Cancer?

question: who knows this number sign?

Who can help to identify this number sign? This is probably a quotation in the currency Albus white penny from the Mainz area in 1600.

How Long For Herpes Igg

binding determination

binding styles and techniques over the centuries
(set of "customer binding" by Hans Zotter, 1999)


first Binding customers generally

• bindings there are important Information about history and owner of a single book.
• Only a small percentage of the binding has been artistically decorated consuming!
• through collection and study of the used binding material can be determined to be
• Important Binding researchers in further steps Garages: Paul Adam (Treatise on the cover issue, 1890), Paul Schwenke (first call for librarian dealing with the historical bindings, collection of Einbandabreibungen); Jean Loubier (The book cover in ancient and modern, 1904)
• are from 1926 for all German libraries general description of guidelines for bindings
• Comprehensive catalogs are binding it to this day no!

second The beginnings in ancient times

• earliest traces of single-layer codes of papyrus in the 2nd Century AD
• in the 3rd Century for the first time use of book covers in the first-fourth
• Century have been proven multi-layer codes any thickness
• to the Middle Ages parchment was the primary writing material, so that the sheets could not forgive himself, heavy book covers were necessary
• light cardboards are therefore only towards the end of the Middle Ages with the use of sheets of paper to prove
• Binding of the oldest dates from the beginning 17th Century and was studded with metal

Prachteinbände

• The books of liturgical use were regarded as sacred objects and are therefore often Prachteinbänden provided
• The bookbinder completed in this case only the preliminary work that further refinement took goldsmiths, ivory carvers , enamellers, etc.
• in the later Middle Ages, the fine binding disappears slowly future collector's items with metal cover most cases remain rare

third The medieval leather binding

• The medieval book is usually in leather timber lids bound.
• There are 3 issue techniques from which the first two are rather rare (eg archives): the chain stitch, the layers held together by the stitching thread, during cross stitch, the yarn is a usually soft cover (COPERT) and the back support out of leather or horn plates.
• most common is the stitching on frets made of leather, parchment, or hemp rope.
• The cords were holes in the wooden cover (mostly beech and oak) and is verpflockt with wooden nails.
• The attached lids were then covered with wild, sheep or cow leather (goat and pig leather usually only in the Renaissance).
• The mirrors were covered with parchment leaves.
• mounting massive closing to prevent the warping of the parchment book blocks: as a decorative element in a cardboard and books continue to be used.
• Since the medieval book was kept lying down, they brought fittings on the covers to prevent erosion.
• catenati Libri (books chain) are now often seen only traces of attachment: the chains were used as protection against theft.
• was often edited the section: coloring, gilding, stamping, book title inscription
• The leather covers have been decorated by embossing with metal temples Rolls, sheets and coating iron.
• leather section: with a diameter of artists and artisans in the leather-cut pattern (a blunt instrument technology: Leather drawing); hallmark of the background for lowering, use of filler to increase in certain games.
• The leather cutting technology is already in the 7th Century known flowering in the 15th Century in the southern German, Bohemian and Austrian area, often at the Hebrew manuscripts
• motives of leather cutting technology: stylized plants, animals, heraldic motifs, ornamental writings, saints, angels
• blind embossing technique: most common decoration in the Middle Ages
• Lede workshop had its own typical set of stamps that changed a little, using the punch can now be identified at that time workshops (see binding stamps database), and often wandered stamps also were sold or inherited.

(... more soon ...)